Shoulder pain can be caused by a variety of factors, and it’s often associated with shoulder injuries or overuse. Injury to Rotator cuff is the most common reason for pain around shoulder. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and their tendons that surround the shoulder joint, providing stability and facilitating various shoulder movements. Here are some common causes of shoulder pain in detail:

1. Rotator Cuff Tears: Tears in the rotator cuff tendons are a common cause of pain. These tears can be either partial or full-thickness tears. They may occur suddenly due to trauma or develop gradually over time due to wear and tear. Activities that involve repetitive overhead motions, such as throwing a baseball or lifting heavy objects, can contribute to these tears.

2. Tendonitis: Rotator cuff tendonitis, also known as tendinitis, is the inflammation of the tendons. This condition is often caused by overuse or repetitive motions of the shoulder. It can result from activities like weightlifting, swimming, or painting. Inflammation leads to pain and discomfort in the shoulder area.

3. Subacromial Impingement: This occurs when the space beneath the acromion (a bony prominence on the shoulder blade) narrows, causing compression and irritation of the rotator cuff tendons. Over time, this can lead to pain and inflammation. Subacromial impingement can be caused by structural abnormalities, muscle imbalances, or poor shoulder mechanics.

4. Degenerative Changes: As we age, the tissues in our shoulder, including the rotator cuff tendons, can undergo degenerative changes. This can lead to a gradual weakening of the tendons and an increased risk of tears and pain.

5. Trauma: A sudden injury, such as a fall or a direct blow to the shoulder, can result in rotator cuff pain. These traumatic events can cause tears, strains, or contusions to the rotator cuff muscles and tendons.

6. Poor Posture: Maintaining poor posture for extended periods, especially when sitting at a desk or using electronic devices, can contribute to rotator cuff pain. It can cause the shoulder blades to become misaligned, increasing stress on the rotator cuff tendons.

7. Frozen Shoulder: Also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that affects the shoulder joint, leading to pain and limited range of motion. It typically develops gradually over time and can be quite debilitating.

8. Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis or diabetes, can increase the risk of rotator cuff problems and pain.

9. Lifestyle Factors: Smoking and obesity have been linked to an increased risk of rotator cuff injuries and may contribute to rotator cuff pain by reducing blood flow and impairing tissue healing.

Shoulder pain can vary in intensity and may range from mild discomfort to severe, debilitating pain. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and may include rest, physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, corticosteroid injections, and in some cases, Arthroscopy and surgical intervention to repair torn tendons.